Polynucleotides

1. Effect on the extracellular matrix (ECM)

Polynucleotides not only act on the fibroblasts themselves, but also modulate the composition and balance of the extracellular matrix. They promote the synthesis of matrix proteins such as glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans, which are essential for skin density and biomechanical properties. This stabilizes tissue structure and reduces transepidermal water loss.

2. Immunomodulatory effects

In addition to their antioxidant effects, polynucleotides also possess immunomodulatory properties. They can downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-α while simultaneously promoting the production of regenerative growth factors (e.g., VEGF, PDGF). Thus, they not only counteract skin aging but also support the healing of microtraumatic skin damage or post-inflammatory conditions (e.g., acne scars).

3. DNA fragment effect on cell repair

Polynucleotides are nucleic acid fragments that serve as “blueprints” for cellular repair processes. The intracellular uptake of these fragments through endocytosis supports DNA repair mechanisms in cases of UV-induced damage or oxidative stress. This process differs significantly from purely volumizing fillers.

4. Synergy with other processes

Polynucleotides can significantly enhance the results of procedures such as microneedling, radiofrequency (RF), or fractional lasers. By “biostimulating” the skin beforehand, subsequent treatments with these methods can achieve greater effectiveness and faster regeneration.

5. Use in postoperative regeneration

Polynucleotides are also increasingly being used to promote wound healing after cosmetic surgical procedures, such as blepharoplasty or facelifts. They accelerate regeneration, reduce swelling, and ensure finer scarring.

6. Advantage over pure PRP

In contrast to PRP (platelet-rich plasma), which is based on the patient’s own blood, polynucleotides are not subject to patient-dependent quality fluctuations and thus offer more reproducible results – especially in older patients with reduced platelet quality.

Polynucleotides are particularly suitable for treating dark circles because they have a number of biological effects on the delicate skin under the eyes. Due to the thin skin structure, this area is particularly prone to wrinkles and loss of elasticity. Polynucleotides stimulate fibroblasts to produce collagen and elastin, thereby strengthening the skin’s structure. These two proteins are responsible for skin firmness and elasticity and help tighten and tighten the skin under the eyes, visually reducing dark circles. Another important factor is hydration. Dark circles are often caused by dry skin, which becomes thin and prone to shadows due to a lack of moisture. Polynucleotides bind water in the skin and provide deep hydration. This increased hydration leads to improved skin texture and visibly fresher skin that reflects light better and reduces dark circles. In addition, polynucleotides promote microcirculation in the eye area, which stimulates lymphatic drainage and thus reduces puffiness and fluid retention. This improvement in blood circulation makes the skin appear less dull and pale, and the eye area looks fresher. Polynucleotides also have anti-inflammatory properties that soothe the skin and alleviate any irritation or minor inflammation that could worsen the appearance of dark circles. This calming effect helps refine the skin’s texture and counteract the appearance of dark circles. Unlike cosmetic fillers or other temporary treatments, polynucleotides promote sustainable skin regeneration. Over time, the skin under the eyes becomes firmer, more even, and overall younger, leading to a lasting improvement in the appearance of dark circles.

Polynucleotides and Sculptra are both aesthetic treatments aimed at skin regeneration, but they differ in their composition, mode of action and specific applications.

Polynucleotides are biotechnologically produced molecules consisting of DNA fragments that act as biostimulators. They stimulate the fibroblasts in the skin to produce collagen and elastin, leading to improved skin texture, firmness, and hydration. Polynucleotides are particularly beneficial for sensitive skin, such as around the eyes. Not only do they promote collagen production, but they also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. They also have the ability to bind water, providing the skin with intense moisture. This treatment is particularly suitable for skin rejuvenation, improving skin quality, and reducing fine lines and skin irregularities. Due to their gentle action, polynucleotides are particularly suitable for sensitive skin areas and offer long-term skin rejuvenation without invasive procedures.

Sculptra, in contrast, contains poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), a synthetic polymer that stimulates the body to produce collagen. It is commonly used to treat volume loss in the face, particularly in the cheeks, jawline, and temples. Sculptra works by slowly stimulating collagen production over several months, resulting in a volumizing effect that refreshes and rejuvenates facial contours. Unlike polynucleotides, which also improve skin quality and increase moisture, Sculptra focuses on volume restoration and long-term collagen stimulation.

While polynucleotides are particularly suitable for improving skin texture, hydration, and the treatment of fine lines, Sculptra is the preferred choice for deeper volume loss and creating an overall fuller, more youthful facial contour. Both treatments have their unique advantages, with the choice of method depending on the individual patient’s needs.

Polynucleotides are considered a very safe treatment option in aesthetic medicine because they are composed of natural components and regenerate the skin at a biological level. However, there are some potential risks and side effects that should be considered with any medical treatment.

One risk associated with the use of polynucleotides is the possibility of allergic reactions , although these are very rare. Since polynucleotides are typically derived from marine sources such as salmon DNA, a reaction may occur in patients with specific allergies to fish or seafood. In such cases, treatment should be avoided or alternative products considered.

Local reactions include mild redness, swelling, or small bruising at the injection site, which usually resolve on their own within a few hours to a maximum of 2-3 days. These reactions are temporary and do not pose a serious threat.

Infections are also a potential risk associated with any injection or minimally invasive treatment. It is important that the treatment is performed under hygienic conditions and that patients take proper care of the treated areas after treatment to avoid infection.

In very rare cases , long-term complications can occur if polynucleotides are injected in high doses or using incorrect techniques. Improper injection can lead to tissue changes or nodule formation, but this is usually due to faulty injection technique or incorrect products. To minimize these risks, it is crucial that treatment be performed only by an experienced specialist.

In summary, polynucleotides are generally considered very safe, with minimal risks and mostly temporary side effects. However, patients should always consult their physician for comprehensive information about potential risks and appropriate follow-up care.